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Time-Resolved and Multi-Temperature Structural Biology to Understand Dynamic Enzyme Catalysis
Project Summary Enzymes, proteins which perform chemical reactions, are required for all of life. These proteins are amazing and specific catalysts that are tightly regulated to en...
Addressing unmet needs: intervention approaches for mental health among people with tuberculosiss in Uganda
PROJECT SUMMARY Tuberculosis (TB) and common mental disorders (CMDs) are both leading causes of death and disability worldwide and are intertwined health states that often co-occur...
A novel physical activity metric predicts cognitive and brain aging and ADRD risk
Project Summary Low physical activity (PA) levels have been associated with elevated risk of Alzheimer’s dementia and related disorders (ADRD). The bulk of this evidence has been d...
Reliable Question-Answering Frameworks for Clinical Decision Support using Domain-specific Large Language Models
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Timely and accurate clinical decision-making is critical for the quality of healthcare delivery, impacting everyone from individual patients to entire publ...
Tradeoffs Between the Equal and Equitable Distribution of a Scarce Health Resource: Evidence from a Large Randomized Natural Experiment with Targeting by Health, Social Vulnerability, and Race
Tradeoffs Between the Equal and Equitable Distribution of a Scarce Health Resource: Evidence from a Large Randomized Natural Experiment with Targeting by Health, Social Vulnerabili...
Neural Activity Signatures of Tumor Infiltration in the Human Brain
ABSTRACT In brain cancer, tumor cells form complex interactions with cells in the brain. Recent studies have revealed a complex interaction between brain cells, or neurons, and tum...
Apolipoprotein E genotype modulates brain mitovesicle production, a component of mitochondrial quality control
ABSTRACT : Generation of extracellular vesicles and their release from a cell contributes to cellular waste removal, mediates the transport of materials between cells, and propagat...
Urothelial Cells and Sensory Signaling
PROJECT SUMMARY Urothelial cells play an active role in bladder physiology by responding to physical/chemical stimuli and signaling to sensory neurons and other cell types in the b...
ER calcium handling, single cell processing, and neural circuit function in vivo
Summary Calcium is a critical second messenger in neurons, regulating neuronal processes from dendritic integration to synaptic transmission. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the...
Neurodevelopmental mechanisms in 17q12 CNV disorders and autism
PROJECT SUMMARY Copy number variants (CNVs) are contiguous gene deletions or duplications that confer susceptibility to neuro- psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs)....
Effects of a telehealth exercise program for rural cancer survivors with cancer-related fatigue including integrated longitudinal assessments of objective physical function and fatty acid oxidation
PROJECT ABSTRACT Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common and functionally limiting symptoms reported by cancer survivors. While no standard of care exists for CRF ma...
Molecular determinants of cytotoxicity due to mutant myocilin misfolding
Glaucoma is a heterogeneous ocular disease that affects nearly 70 million individuals worldwide. Despite the availability of symptomatic treatments and surgeries, ~10% of patients...
Development of a MT-stabilizing agent for the treatment of tauopathies
PROJECT SUMMARY A group of neurodegenerative diseases referred to as tauopathies, which includes Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are characterized by the presence within brain neurons of...
PRC2 independent role of Ezh2 in regulation of basal cell dynamics post-influenza virus infection
Project Summary: Influenza is a major global health threat causing over half a million deaths each year. Certain virulent strains, such as H1N1, can cause extensive lung damage, le...
Role of Matrix Stiffness and Genetic Risk Factors in AMD-Associated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
PROJECT SUMMARY Several lifestyle and genetic major risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are generally associated with increases in extracellular matrix (ECM) st...
Unlocking Corneal Endothelial Regeneration: Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy
PROJECT SUMMARY Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a degenerative ocular disease affecting 4% of people over 40 and more that >300 million people globally. A ha...
Cell-drones: engineered stem cell nanovesicles as alternatives to exosomes
PROJECT SUMMARY Studies have demonstrated that adult stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) repair myocardial infarction (MI) or ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by indi...
Role of tRNA- and rRNA-derived RNAs in acute lung injury
Project Summary and AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a critical respiratory condition with high mortality. Although the etiology of ALI is diverse, its pathogenesis is commonly l...
Hepatoprotective Mechanisms of Systemic Bile Acid Transporter Inhibitors
The overarching goal of this application is to advance our understanding of the role of the Apical sodium- dependent bile acid (BA) transporter (ASBT; also called IBAT) in the path...
Endothelial complement C3a receptor mediated cerebral injury in a murine stroke model.
PROJECT SUM MARY: Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability worldwide. Though Intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) improves outcome after stroke, it is limited...