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99,167 grants found
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Targeting CD180 to induce anti-KSHV response in nonhuman primates
SUMMARY The overall goals of this U01 application are two-fold. First, to investigate two potential KSHV targets, one structural and one non-structural, to determine if these two t...
Defining Critical Sites of Vulnerability and Correlates of Protection to Kaposi Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus to Inform Vaccine Design
PROJECT SUMMARY Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic virus that causes Kaposi sarcoma (KS), one of the most common malignancies in people living with HIV wo...
Dissecting the role of loneliness on substance use- and HIV-related outcomes among sexual minority men in the United States and Canada
PROJECT SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT Polysubstance use, defined as the use of multiple substances within a specified period, increases the risk for adverse events, including fatal overdose. T...
Select Late-Stage CMC, Non-clinical Studies, and Quality Programs to Accelerate NRS-033 Towards Pivotal Studies and Registration in Opioid Use Disorder
PROJECT SUMMARY The epidemic of opioid use disorder (OUD) is the greatest public health crisis the United States has faced in a generation. Yet essentially the same three Food and...
Alcohol Outlet Density, HIV Treatment Outcomes, and Polysubstance Use among Women: A Mixed-Methods Approach
PROJECT SUMMARY There are 1.2 million people with HIV in the United States, of whom nearly one-fifth are women. Nearly half of women with HIV (WWH) consumed alcohol in the past mon...
HIV and estrogen effects on hypothalamic regulation of cocaine-related behavior
PROJECT SUMMARY HIV infection results in abnormal menstruation and alterations in circulating hormones. HIV infection is also highly comorbid with drug use. Women who use drugs are...
Characterization of a new CXCR4-specific restriction factor
ABSTRACT HIV strains vary considerably in both genetic and phenotypic features, but all variants use CD4 as the primary receptor and consequentially CD4+ T cells are the major targ...
Assessing the effects of a multisectoral climate-smart agricultural intervention on the reproductive and sexual health of adolescent girls and young women
ABSTRACT In Kenya, HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) ages 15-24-years is 1-2 per 100 person-years and approximately 30% of AGYW have had at least one sexu...
A proteomics atlas of HIV/HBV infections for curing HBV
Project Summary Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections affect the lives of more than 296 million people who are chronically infected with HBV and are at risk of developing liver cirrho...
Development of Broadly Neutralizing Nanobodies for Advancing AIDS Therapy
Abstract Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a persistent global health crisis, affecting approximately 39 million individuals worldwide, despite considerable advancements i...
In vivo innate immune sensing of HIV-1 infection
SUMMARY/ABSTRACT HIV-1 remains a major public health challenge worldwide, with 1.3 million new infections and over 600,000 AIDS- related deaths in 2022. An effective vaccine that c...
Simulating the Impact of Office-Based Methadone Prescribing and Pharmacy Dispensing on OUD Treatment and Overdose in New York State: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Methadone treatment (MT) for opioid use disorder (OUD) significantly reduces overdose risk, but remains underutilized in the U.S. Limited availability of O...
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Perinatal Depression, and Offspring Neurodevelopmental Phenotype - Diversity Supplement
PROJECT ABSTRACT This diversity supplement application aims to support candidate training aims focused on prenatal maternal adversity, data analysis, and scientific communication t...
Gravida traumatic brain injury (TBI) impacts neurodevelopment of the offspring
PROJECT SUMMARY Intimate partner violence (IPV) increases the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI), because the physical assaults target the head, neck, and face. Women, more than...
Harnessing CD4 T follicular helper 1 cells for HIV vaccine efficacy
Project Summary This proposal aims to enhance HIV prevention with a vaccine approach that promotes durable immunity. The studies center on CD4 T helper cells within lymph nodes, cr...
Identification of serological markers of protection and risk for dengue vaccines and natural infection
Project Summary Dengue remains stubbornly endemic in many countries. Vaccine development efforts have been hampered by a poor understanding of the immune response. We do know that...
BRAIN CONNECTS: Synaptic resolution whole-brain circuit mapping of molecularly defined cell types using a barcoded rabies virus
ABSTRACT Single-cell transcriptomics has revolutionized our understanding of neuronal diversity and enabled high-throughput characterization of molecular cell types across brain ar...
Mothers' childhood experiences, maternal sensitivity, and immune regulation in young children
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) such as childhood neglect, abuse, and exposure to violence, substance use, or mental health problems are estimated to be the root cause of 9 of...
Advanced multi-parametric 18F-FDG PET and MRI imaging parameters of response to immune suppressant therapy in patients with active cardiac sarcoidosis
PROJECT SUMMARY Sarcoidosis is a systemic condition characterized by non-caseating granulomas affecting ~200,000 Americans. Granuloma infiltration in the myocardium leads to inflam...
Harnessing the Malarial Immunity Omics Landscape in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Children for Improved Therapeutic Strategies
PROJECT SUMMARY Malaria is currently rising and continues to pose a significant public health threat, with 249 million cases and 608,000 deaths annually, primarily in sub-Saharan A...