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201,169 grants found
Showing 201,141 – 201,160 of 201,169 grants
Roles of glycinergic neurons in Dravet syndrome-associated disordered breathing and mortality
Summary Dravet syndrome (DS) is a severe form of epilepsy with a high rate of SUPEP. Respiratory failure is a leading cause of SUDEP, and DS patients' frequently exhibit disor...
Understanding the Regulation and Biological Roles of Peptidoglycan Hydrolases in Staphylococcus aureus
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The leading cause of antibiotic resistance-associated death in the US is the Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Many antibiotics used to treat S...
Modeling mutant PfCRT-mediated drug transport to predict the emergence of piperaquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria
PROJECT SUMMARY The protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum causes over 400,000 malaria deaths each year, mostly in young African children. With no effective vaccine, chemotherapy...
SARM1 functional polymorphisms and their contribution to ALS risk
Motor axon loss is a cardinal symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Axon loss can be driven by a genetically encoded program in which the axon survival factors NMNAT2 and...
Mechanisms of immune evasion by a neuroinvasive fungal pathogen
Project Summary Cryptococcus neoformans is a neuroinvasive yeast that causes fatal meningitis in immunocompromised individuals, resulting in >180,000 annual deaths representing...
SCH: Context-aware Freezing of Gait mitigation in real-world setting
This project seeks to reduce the burden of freezing of gait (FoG), which is suffered by over 50% of people living with Parkinson’s disease (PD). FoG is a common, devastating manife...
Molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal integrity
ABSTRACT Neurons have an astonishing ability to maintain their integrity throughout an organism’s lifespan. Both the functional and structural integrity are required for neurons to...
Physiology-driven seizure management post-cardiac arrest
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Dr. Edilberto Amorim is a neurologist with subspecialty training in critical care and epilepsy who aims to employ biomedical technology innovations in brai...
Retooling innate immunity: An investigation of TLR-mediated glial priming across lifespan
This proposal examines how a novel TLR glial signaling pathway drives phagocytic competence in glia, and defines its function in pruning neuronal number and connectivity across lif...
Lactoferrin and lysozyme to promote nutritional, clinical, and enteric recovery: A factorial placebo-controlled randomized trial among children with diarrhea and malnutrition
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Diarrhea kills more than half a million children each year and is the third largest contributor to lost disability adjusted life years. While rehydration a...
Cortical circuit mechanisms of visual shape processing
PROJECT SUMMARY Humans and other primates rely on using visual shape information to identify and interact with objects in the world. The goal of this project is to gain mechanistic...
Role of intermittent activation of parathyroid hormone receptor in exercise-induced vascular calcification
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Vascular calcification, especially coronary artery calcification (CAC), is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, whereas regular physic...
Improving the science of adherence reinforcement and safe mobility in people with diabetic foot ulcers using smart offloading
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT We aim to reduce the limb-threatening and life-limiting burden of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) by advancing science in its most critical componen...
Identifying the sequences and factors that govern the fate of elongating RNAPII
PROJECT SUMMARY: Precise control of gene expression during development and in response to signals is essential for organismal growth and homeostasis. Accordingly, gene expression i...
The design and evaluation of strategies to implement HIV prevention interventions for pregnant women in community pharmacy settings
PROJECT SUMMARY: Pregnant women in high HIV-burden settings such as western Kenya are at increased risk of acquiring HIV infection during pregnancy. The World Health Organization (...
Mechanisms modulating cell identity in regenerative mammalian epithelia
PROJECT SUMMARY: Significance: Our tissues experience frequent damage from injuries, infections and disease. Many organs in the human body can undergo self-repair to restore their...
Understanding Intraspecific Diversity of Gardnerella vaginalis in the Vaginal Microbiome
Project Summary Gardnerella vaginalis has been associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and preterm birth (PTB) risk, but with little success in being able to identify, treat, and...
Does VECAD at Schlemm canal cell-junctions determine IOP and glaucoma risk?
High IOP is a major causal risk factor for glaucoma and is the target of all current glaucoma therapies. This project investigates pathways that control intraocular pressure. Abnor...
The Consequence of Impaired Lymphatic Drainage on Rejection in Cardiac Transplantation
PROJECT SUMMARY The leading cause of chronic cardiac transplant rejection—coronary artery vasculopathy (CAV)—remains a major factor limiting long-term survival in heart transplant...
Silencing the uroguanylin-GUCY2C gut-brain axis mediates leptin resistance in obesity
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Obesity is a global pandemic with accelerating trends in morbidity, mortality, and medical expenditures. Treatments have been limited in efficacy or burden...