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99,167 grants found
Showing 98,761 – 98,780 of 99,167 grants
Tuning CAR-T cell function
Abstract Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) expressed by T cells recognize tumor cells via single chains antibodies and activate T cell cytotoxic machinery and costimulation.In clini...
Exhaled small RNA biomarkers to detect and monitor airway disease
ABSTRACT ?Exhaled small RNA biomarkers to detect and monitor airway disease?Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) together affect over 600 million people worldwid...
The Epitranscriptome as a Novel Mechanism of Arsenic-Induced Diabetes.
SUMMARY In the United States, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is particularly high among American Indian (AI) communities.Arsenic (As), a pervasive environmental...
Mechanisms of retinal degeneration in neuroinflammatory demyelinating diseases
An important question in the field of multiple sclerosis (MS) is whether myelin/axonal damage in the white matter facilitates neuronal cell body loss in the gray matter, or results...
Assessing the Influence of the Human Lipidome on Risk of Diabetes in a Minority Population
PROJECT SUMMARY Type 2 diabetes is a major public health concern. Diabetes currently affects 25.8 million people in the US alone and 90-95% of all cases are type 2.There are many c...
Enabling Technology to Screen and Quantify Sialylated Structures for Activity Against Viral Enzymes and Receptors
Sialylated glycans are involved in complex regulation and signaling and play a critical role in disease.In the virus life cycle, receptor binding and sialic acid cleavage to facili...
Regulating transcription of the key neural lineage driver ASCL1
The bHLH transcription factor ASCL1 (HASH1/MASH1) is essential for neuronal differentiation and sub-type specification of multiple neuronal cell-types throughout the brain, spinal...
Structural basis of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gating and toxin inhibition
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders, addiction, and mental illness.These pentameric ligand-gated ion channels are prototypical...
DNA-based Immune Phenotyping in HNSCC for Biomarkers of Response to Immunotherapy
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs) are devastating upper airway tumors that are associated with an immunosuppressive network impacting the tum...
Acoustically-driven optical-interferometric microscope for cell characterization
Abstract The goal of this proposal to develop a first of its kind acoustically driven quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) rheology system. Mechanical forces play an important role...
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis in modulation of host immunity
PROJECT SUMMARY Humans and other mammals are colonized by a plethora of microorganisms at the time of birth. The constellation of microorganisms that inhabit the gut is key in the...
Adaptive population codes for flexible visually-guided behaviors
Summary/Abstract Active vision requires encoding and remembering relevant information based on current task goals.Classic accounts posit that sensory encoding, attentional selectio...
Activity-Dependent Mechanisms of Memory Consolidation
PROJECT SUMMARY Vision is an active sense, with eye movements powerfully shaping the acquisition of visual information about the world.This project investigates how motor learning...
Repurposing Endonuclease V for the detection and engineering of adenosine-to-inosine editing
Project Summary/Abstract RNA editing is a widespread strategy employed by cells to post-transcriptionally alter protein sequence and gene expression levels.Adenosine-to-inosine (A-...
Synergistic Material-Microbe Interface towards Faster, Deeper, and Air-tolerant Reductive Dehalogenation
Project Summary/Abstract Challenges exist in bioremediation of halogenated contaminants, including low donor utilization efficiency and slow dehalogenation, low dehalogenation acti...
COVID-19: Characterizing trained immune responses to COVID-19
In late 2019, a novel human betacoronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China and subsequently led to pandemic spread.Designated Severe Acute Respiratory Virus 2 (SARS CoV-2), this virus has...
Elucidating mechanisms for enhanced anaerobic bioremediation in the presence of carbonaceous materials using an integrated material science and molecular microbial ecology approach
PROJECT SUMMARY: Halogenated compounds, including legacy pollutants (e.g., chlorinated ethenes (CEs), polychlorinated biphenyls) and emerging contaminants (e.g., 1,2,3-trichloropro...
Experience-dependent Cellular Plasticity Mechanisms
Brain activity is essential for the development and plasticity of neurons and circuits, however our understanding of the mechanisms by which activity generates functional circuits...
In Vivo Detection of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy with 18F-MK-6240 Tau PET
PROJECT ABSTRACT Exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI) through participation in contact sports can result in symptomatic concussions and asymptomatic sub-concussions and may in...
Lateral habenula circuit dysregulation in mild traumatic brain injury
Summary Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to almost 30% of all injury-related deaths in the United States, but the majority of TBI injuries are mild (mTBI).Anxiety, depressi...