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99,167 grants found
Showing 98,221 – 98,240 of 99,167 grants
Synthesis and Chemical Biology of Bioactive Natural Products
Project Summary/Abstract This proposal describes our program focused on the development of novel chemical reactions for complex molecule synthesis, innovative strategies for mol...
Molecular functions of human zinc transporter-8 in pancreatic beta cells
The long-term goal of our research is to understand how the molecular and cellular functions of zinc transporter-8 (ZnT8) modulate pathophysiologic responses of human pancreatic be...
Interplay Between Nuclear Organization and Function
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Goals: Peri-Centromeric Heterochromatin (PCH) is required for genome stability/DNA repair, chromosome pairing, nuclear architecture, and transposon and...
Assessing the Influence of the Human Lipidome on Risk of Diabetes in a Minority Population
PROJECT SUMMARY Type 2 diabetes is a major public health concern. Diabetes currently affects 25.8 million people in the US alone and 90-95% of all cases are type 2. There are man...
Pericytes differentiate into smooth muscle cells through HIF2a/SDF1 activation
ABSTRACT Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disorder characterized by elevated lung pressures, right heart failure, and premature death. Current therapie...
Fluid shear stress mechanotransduction at endothelial cell-cell junctions
Project Summary This project aims to understand in molecular detail how fluid shear stress acting on endothelial cells triggers mechanical activation of signaling pathways at cel...
Soft drusen in rhesus macaques as a nonhuman primate model of early age-related macular degeneration
PROJECT SUMMARY Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in the elderly, but current treatments target advanced stages when interventions may be...
Mechanisms of RNA polymerase II transcription regulation
SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Our research program combines detailed biochemical reconstitution experiments with powerful cell-based assays, with a goal of gaining fundamental mechanistic ins...
Genetic and molecular correlates of white matter pathology in Alzheimers disease
PROJECT SUMMARY: Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is typically defined by the accumulation of beta- amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, synaptic loss and neuronal degen...
Hydrogen peroxide in endothelial function and dysfunction
The proposed studies will use new biosensors and novel chemogenetic approaches to identify the molecular mechanisms whereby reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate nitric oxide (NO...
Receptor-mediated glucose sensing and skeletal muscle function
PROJECT SUMMARY Skeletal muscle is central to the development of metabolic dysfunction during type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. In addition, these conditions are often accompani...
Improving the science of adherence reinforcement and safe mobility in people with diabetic foot ulcers using smart offloading
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT We aim to reduce the limb-threatening and life-limiting burden of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) by advancing science in its most critical compo...
Molecular Mechanisms of Arrestin-Domain Containing Proteins in Metabolism
The arrestin superfamily is composed of two subfamilies: the classical visual/beta-arrestins that were first identified as regulators of G-protein coupled receptor signaling, and t...
Synaptic transmission at retinal ribbon synapses
In sensory cells of the eye and inner ear the neurotransmitter glutamate is released at active zones in a graded and continuous manner. These cells have evolved specialized struct...
Light regulated vascular development in the eye via the Hippo pathway
Light regulated vascular development in the eye via the Hippo pathway Our recent studies show that opsin-mediated light responses function as developmental timing cues for vascul...
A Human-Mimetic AI System for Automatic, Passive and Objective Dietary Assessment
A Human-Mimetic AI System for Automatic, Passive and Objective Dietary Assessment Unhealthy diet is strongly linked to risks of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases,...
Ion permeation, lipid flipping, and membrane remodeling by TMEM16 proteins
Project Summary/Abstract Calcium activated Chloride Channels (CaCCs) and other TMEM16 family members form ion channels and/or lipid scramblases that help orchestrate a large numb...
Inside-out construction of the biliary system
Project Summary The intrahepatic biliary tree functions to drain bile from hepatocytic canaliculi away from the liver. Congenital or acquired abnormalities in the formation and p...
Epigenetic dysregulation in diabetic enteric neuropathy
Diabetic gastroenteropathy includes asymptomatic delayed gastric emptying, dyspepsia with or without mildly delayed gastric emptying, or gastroparesis, which is characterized by m...
Mechanism and dynamics of islet GABA signaling
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a potent neurotransmitter produced in the islet at levels as high as in the brain. While the function of GABA in the nervous system is well-unders...