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Integrated Host/Microbe Metagenomics to Improve Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Diagnosis in Critically Ill Children
SUMMARY Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) lead to more deaths each year in children than any other infectious disease category. Despite this, the underlying microbial path...
Delineating developmental programs driving tumorigenesis in triple-negative breast cancer
PROJECT SUMMARY Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the deadliest and 2nd most common subtype of breast cancer in the United States. Although promising new drugs based on PARP...
Glioma therapy with oncolytic adenoviruses and immunometabolic adjuvants
SUMMARY / ABSTRACT With current treatment options, the five-year survival rate of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is only 5%. Oncolytic viruses are promising treatments against so...
A large animal model to elucidate the role of LGR5 stem cells in cancer
Project Summary In the United States, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd leading cause of cancer death among women and men combined, with of 1 in 20 people being diagnosed with CRC...
Artificial intelligence Optical Coherence Tomography Guided Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (AUTO-DALK)
PROJECT SUMMARY Contemporary ocular surgeries are performed by skilled surgeons through operating microscopes, utilizing freehand techniques and manually operated precision micro-...
Elucidating the Temporal, Spatial and Cellular Effects of Differential APOE Isoform Expression
Project Summary Carriers of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ?4 gene are at a significantly increased risk for developing Alzheimer?s disease (AD). Although numerous theories have been...
A Dental implant registry of treatment outcomes of implant therapy by practitioners in the National Dental Practice Based Research Network
There is a substantial body of literature to support that biological and prosthetic complications occur which may interfere with the health of the peri-implant tissues, the functio...
Intervertebral Disc Mechanics with Functional GRASP-MRI
PROJECT SUMMARY Low back pain (LBP) is a major clinical and socioeconomic global health burden. In fact, LBP affects nearly all of us at least once in our lives, and in ~20% the co...
A Wearable Morning Light Treatment for Postpartum Depression: Confirming Efficacy and Mechanisms
ABSTRACT As one of the most common pregnancy complications, nearly 600,000 women in the United States suffer from postpartum depression annually. Consequences of postpartum depress...
Development of High-Performance Multi-Contrast Echo Planar Imaging
Quantitative T1 MRI of the brain provides valuable insight into the health status of brain tissue. To estimate T1, an image slice is acquired with multiple inversion time (TI) valu...
Immune Mechanisms Regulating Cardiac Remodeling
Summary Cardiovascular disease is the number cause of death in the United States. Most cardiovascular diseases are associated with an increase in myocardial mass or cardiac hypertr...
A New Strategy to Increase Proteotoxic Cell Death in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Inhibitors of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS, the major pathway that degrades unfolded proteins) increase proteotoxic stress and have clinical success for multiple myeloma bu...
The brain cholesterol interactome
Abstract Both serum cholesterol levels and the cholesterol carrying protein ApoE have been implicated in the development of Alzheimer?s disease. Despite intensive research, there i...
Arsenic's effects on the intestinal stem cell niche
7. Project Summary/Abstract Arsenic is a contaminant found in drinking water and food, resulting in the exposure of millions of people to concentrations above the current US EPA an...
Role of CD36 and diet-derived fatty acids in breast cancer
Abstract Fat is one of the three main nutrients, along with carbohydrate and protein. Fats are important sources of fatty acids (FAs), which are lipids that play a pivotal role in...
Multiparametric Mapping of Knee Joint with Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting
PROJECT SUMMARY Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, affecting more than 27 million people in the United States alone. This large affected population and the severe...
Role of the gut microbiome in the bone loss induced by hyperparathyroidism in mice and humans
SUMMARY Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a condition caused by the excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) that can lead to aggressive bone loss, osteoporosis and inc...
Role of Surfactant Protein-C Mutation and Ozone Exposure in the Exacerbation of Pulmonary Fibrosis
Project Summary/Abstract: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a rare degenerative disease characterized by progressive lung stiffening, resulting in death within 3-5 years of diagnosis. Com...
Novel approaches for relating genetic variation in endogenous retroviruses to function and disease
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for complex traits have often revealed a significant proportion of risk attributed to the non-coding genome. This ha...
AIDS-related HSV-1 retinal necrosis: Innate immunity and virus spread
Program Director/Principal Investigator (Last, First, Middle): Dix, Richard D Project Summary AIDS patients can develop a variant of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) designated progres...