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99,167 grants found
Showing 96,141 – 96,160 of 99,167 grants
TRP channels as fundamental sensors of the cerebral microcirculation
PROJECT SUMMARY Optimal flow of blood within the brain is ensured by two processes: (1) autoregulation, a collection of intrinsic mechanisms that continuously adjust the microcircu...
Bone Morphogenic Protein signaling in Th/Treg lineage specification
Abstract The transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) family cytokines regulate cell differentiation and morphogenesis, cell proliferation and migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal tran...
Reactivity-Activation of O(2) or NO in Copper and Heme-Cu Coordination Complexes
Project Summary Proposed investigations derive from two on-going R01 GM research programs. The study objectives include the design, synthesis & investigation of synthetic model...
Molecular mechanisms of the mitochondrial permeability transition
The overarching goal of my research program is to identify and characterize molecular mechanisms responsible for stress-induced permeabilization of the mitochondrial inner membrane...
Targeting tumor architecture as a novel therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most chemorefractory cancers among solid tumors. Even with the most effective chemotherapy (i.e., FOLFIRINOX), only 30% of PDA...
The Discovery of Novel Metabolic Pathways for the Biosynthesis and Degradation of Complex Carbohydrates within the Human Gut Microbiome
The primary focus of this research proposal is the discovery and elucidation of novel biochemical pathways for the biosynthesis and metabolism of complex and simple carbohydrates i...
Novel regulators of Slo2 potassium channels
Abstract The focus of research in my lab is to determine how physiological functions of Slo2 channels are regulated by other proteins. Slo2 channels are a family of large-conductan...
Role of gasderminD in ganglion cell dysfunction and injury
In primary glaucoma, ocular hypertension (OHT) stress triggers a neurotoxic cascade leading to selectivedeath of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). However, the molecular mechanism tran...
Cell Type Specific Genetic Manipulation to Dissect Cholinergic Interneuron Function and Plasticity in a Symptomatic Model of DYT1 Dystonia
Project Summary/Abstract Cholinergic neurons (ChIs) are a central but poorly understood element of striatal circuitry.A considerable literature strongly implicates ChI dysfunction...
How do synaptic connections change in demyelinating disease?
Schafer, Dorothy P.Project Summary Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which has a profound, currently intractable...
Molecular signaling mechanisms controlling Cryptosporidium proliferation and development
Project Abstract Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrheal disease (cryptosporidiosis) and death among young children living in resource-poor settings. In the US, Cryptospori...
The role of TNFR2 in ameliorating progressive encephalomyelitis
The mechanisms driving progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) remain enigmatic.Progression of MS correlates with the expression of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in cerebros...
A Complete Metal Artifact Reduced MRI Exam for Neuroimaging
Project Summary Techniques for reducing metal artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of orthopaedic implants have seen tremendous improvement in the last decade. Extensions...
The impact of dietary zinc deficiency on innate immunity to lung infection
PROJECT SUMMARY Candidate: My postdoctoral research thus far focused on the effects of host dietary zinc on bacterial pathogenesis during Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in Dr. E...
Sequence-universal high-frequency prospective MRI motion correction with navigators
Project Summary/Abstract Motion during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is estimated to cost hospitals approximately $115,000 per scanner per year, which implies that the annual co...
Intervertebral Disc Mechanics with Functional GRASP-MRI
PROJECT SUMMARY Low back pain (LBP) is a major clinical and socioeconomic global health burden. In fact, LBP affects nearly all of us at least once in our lives, and in ~20% the co...
Metal nutrients and metallophore-like molecules for a fungal pathogen
Transition metals including Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe are essential nutrients for all life forms.Microbial pathogens face challenges in acquiring these vital elements, as the host delibera...
Quantifying the spectrum and dynamics of B-cell binding avidity in response to influenza
PROJECT SUMMARY Activation, clonal expansion, and affinity maturation of antigen-specific B cells are considered the hallmarks of adaptive immunity; hence, the assessment of B cell...
Focal nerve fiber layer reflectance analysis for glaucoma evaluation
PROJECT SUMMARY Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness, and effective glaucoma management requires early detection. Nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness measurement by optical coher...
Development of High-Performance Multi-Contrast Echo Planar Imaging
Quantitative T1 MRI of the brain provides valuable insight into the health status of brain tissue. To estimate T1, an image slice is acquired with multiple inversion time (TI) valu...