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99,167 grants found
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Distinct early and late programs of fibroblast - immune crosstalk govern functional responses to brain injury
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Fibroblasts are stromal cells that are critical to both wound repair and the support and regulation of tissue- resident immune cells; when dysregulated, th...
Neural mechanisms regulating glucose homeostasis
Modified Project Summary/Abstract SectionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is the major form of human diabetes, accounting for approximately 90–95% of diagnosed diabetes cases in the...
Biomaterial Scaffolds for Ex Vivo and In Situ CAR-T Cell Production
PROJECT SUMMARY Despite unprecedented clinical success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy against tumors, widespread application is limited by lengthy and labor-inte...
Novel Biamyxins targeting multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections
Gram-negative (G-) bacteria are leading causes of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, over 1 million HAIs occur...
The role of senescence in severe COVID-19
ABSTRACT Preexisting obesity and non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are strongly associated with COVID- 19 cytokine storm and severe outcome. SARS-CoV-2 virions are present in th...
Improving Infant Health by Studying Human Milk as a Biological System: Composition, Dynamics, and Delivery (At-the-Breast vs Expressed Milk) (BEGIN)
Human milk (HM) is dynamic - its composition changes during the day, and over time along with infant needs. This chronobiology of HM has long been acknowledged to play a role in in...
Mechanisms of cell corpse clearance in tissue turnover and regeneration using planarians and zebrafish
Project Abstract Every day, adult humans create and destroy tens of billions of cells. We know that imbalances in tissue homeostasis can lead to too many new cells, such as in tumo...
The role of Y chromosomes in generating and maintaining intrasexual diversity
Project Summary Sex chromosomes are key drivers of intersexual diversity by harboring sex-limited genes and mediating sex- specific expression from the autosomes. In recent years,...
Enhancing immunity by protecting lymphatic muscle cells from MRSA-Induced dysfunction
Recent data suggest that skin and soft tissue infections may lead to the onset of lymphedema, a debilitating and incurable disease of lymphatic vessel insufficiency that annually a...
Modulating Intratumoral Immune Composition to Enhance Immunotherapy
PROJECT SUMMARY The immediate objective of our proposal is to increase immune density within solid malignancies to rectify defects in anti-tumor immunity and maximize response rate...
Measuring Behavioral Health Integration in Community Health Centers to Improve Access, Equity, and Outcomes for Medicaid Enrollees
ABSTRACT Medicaid is the largest payer for mental health care in the US, providing coverage for more than a quarter of those with serious mental illness. Yet, despite a greater bur...
Mechanism and approach to inactivate mutant KRAS of lung metastatic colon cancer by RNA-ligand-displaying exosome to co-deliver dCas9--gRNA ribonucleoprotein complex and KRAS siRNA
PROJECT SUMMARY Targeted nanotechnologies have shown great promise in overcoming roadblocks in cancer therapeutics. Tumor metastasis has a limited response or resistance to chemoth...
Characterizing the theranostic potential of DLL3-targeting agents in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung and prostate
PROJECT ABSTRACT Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) are aggressive, high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (HG-NENs) that often metastasize and do...
Population Health and Health System Resiliency Following Maui's Wildfire Disaster
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT In August 2023, the historical town of Lāhainā on the island of Maui in the US state of Hawai‘i experienced the deadliest wildfire in United States history...
Bionic Self-Charged Bone Composite Scaffold
Abstract Reconstruction of large and major bone defects remains a significant challenge in modern medicine. The golden treatment so far has been to use replacement auto or allo-gra...
Leveraging a novel human inborn error of immunity to understand B cell development and function
PROJECT SUMMARY Lower respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of mortality for children under 5-years old1,2. Although exposure to respiratory pathogens is common, very...
Regulation of upstream open reading frames in mRNA stability and translation
PROJECT SUMMARY Upstream open reading frames (uORFs) play important roles in gene expression regulation and are associated with numerous human diseases. Translated uORFs serve two...
New approaches to sequence genomes of Mycobacterium leprae from clinical and field specimens
Project Summary Culture-based diagnostics for the leprosy-causing agent Mycobacterium leprae are challenged by our inability to culture the pathogen in vitro. Moreover, obtaining a...
Molecular control of translesion synthesis fidelity beyond the lesion
Project Summary – Maintaining active high-fidelity replication despite a constant barrage of DNA damage or blocks that are encountered by the replisome requires several inherent ge...
Regulation of the Vibrio cholerae MSHA Pilus Drives Host Colonization and Pathogenesis
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Development of multicellular biofilm communities is vital to the lifecycle of many bacterial species. Biofilm formation begins with the attachment of a mot...