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99,167 grants found
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Humoral Immunity to Enteric Viruses among Infants and Mothers in Bangladesh
Humoral Immunity to Enteric Viruses among Infants and Mothers in Bangladesh Abstract Diarrhea is a leading cause of death among children under five years of age worldwide. This pro...
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in Airway Inflammation
Abstract Asthma is influenced by multiple factors including genetics, infections, diet, and environmental exposures, with the immune response and subsequent regulatory mechanisms i...
Systemic Treatments and Outcomes for Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: Setting the Stage for Comparative Effectiveness Research
PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Atopic dermatitis, or eczema, affects up to 20% of children and is associated with significant physical, emotional, and social morbidity. Up to one-third...
Reproductive tract organ development and differentiation
Project Summary Mammalian embryos have the potential to develop both male and female reproductive tract organs. However, they typically only differentiate one sex type depending on...
Small Molecule Protease Inhibitors against MERS-CoV and Coronaviruses of Pandemic Potential
PROJECT SUMMARY Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged suddenly in 2012 as the cause of severe respiratory illness in humans. Despite the high mortality ra...
Testing multi-level scale-up strategies to implement a school-based population approach of mental health preventive intervention
ABSTRACT The burden of pediatric mental, neurological, and substance disorders in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) is tremendous. Although progress has been made over the pa...
The role of top-down dendritic processing in credit assignment and cortical dynamics
Top-down regulation of cortical processing is critical for learning, attention, figure-ground separation, multisensory integration, contextual-modulation and many other processes a...
Transcriptional Reprogramming in Melanoma Plasticity
Project Summary/Abstract This application focuses on advanced melanoma, a highly aggressive type of skin cancer that arises from the pigment-producing melanocytes of the body. Desp...
2/2 A brief automated neurocognitive training to enhance the real-world impact of ketamine's rapid antidepressant effect
Project Summary. Intravenous ketamine, which displays rapid antidepressant properties, is posited to reverse symptoms by rapidly enhancing neuroplasticity. Although community-based...
Hyper-surveillance and suicides among Black youth in the U.S.
PROJECT SUMMARY Suicide rates among Black youth have increased significantly in recent decades, exceeding those among Whites by over 60%. Black youth also surpass all other racial/...
Investigation of discrete neurodegenerative changes of the in vivo multiple sclerosis spinal cord using 7T MRI
Project Summary People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) with an insidious clinical decline independent of inflammatory disease activity (progression) often have a greater extent of s...
Innovations for peer-delivered and family-engaged brief interventions for youth suicide in Nepal: A pilot hybrid type 2 implementation study
Program Summary Our proposal aims to co-design and pilot trial the implementation of a package of brief interventions for suicide prevention among youth (12-24-years of age) delive...
Biomarker-Guided Antimicrobial optimization to reduce complications from intra-abdominal infections
Project Summary/Abstract Intra-abdominal infections continue to be associated with a complication rate of more than 20%, even for relatively simple cases. In addition, the spread o...
A circuit mechanism for the interactions between distinct learning systems
Project Summary Our ability to learn and to remember countless experiences is essential for our daily lives. However, our dependence on these processes also makes us vulnerable to...
IPMK is a novel PI3k essential for mTORC2 activation and cell migration
PROJECT SUMMARY IPMK is a novel PI3K crucial for AKT activation and cell migration. Our previous research demonstrated that the loss of IPMK's PI3K activity impairs PDK1'...
Clinical Impact and Feasibility of Virtual Reality (VR) for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing VR Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs. Sham VR
PROJECT SUMMARY This proposal aims to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the clinical impact and feasibility of a virtual reality (VR) cognitive behavioral t...
Iterative Microbial Production and Systems Immunology to Design QS-21 Adjuvants
Project Summary/Abstract Vaccines composed solely of antigens are often poorly immunogenic; increasing intensity and length of the induced immune response is required to achieve de...
INPP5E Signaling and Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Abstract. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating chronic joint disease, causing functional disability, severe pain, joint deterioration, and substantial socioeconomic burdens....
Lipid-Rich Macrophages at the Tumor-Adipose Interface: A New Target for Locally-Invasive Prostate Cancer Therapy
SUMMARY Macrophages are important contributors to the biology of the tumor microenvironment. As tumors penetrate the prostatic capsule they invade a lipid-rich depot known as the p...
Molecular and clinical predictors of relapse in ANCA-associated vasculitis
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The goal of this project is to investigate the upper airway molecular and clinical predictors of systemic relapse in antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibod...