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99,167 grants found
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A multi-level framework for characterizing task-efficient coding geometry of neural population activities
Project Summary (Abstract) We propose a multi-scale (from neurons to regions) theory that enables us to analyze neural computations from large sets of neurons engaging in a variety...
Structural requirements for sterol 14α-demethylases
PROJECT SUMMARY Cytochromes P450 (CYP) form one of the largest enzyme superfamilies on Earth and can be divided into two groups based on their substrate preferences: those metaboli...
RNA-mediated Chromatin Regulation and Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans
Project Summary/Abstract: Nuclear RNAi is an evolutionarily conserved epigenetic silencing pathway that targets transposons and other foreign DNA. The defining features of this pat...
Revealing Nature's Blueprints for Single-Site Catalysis of C-H Activation with First-principles Modeling and Machine Learning
PROJECT ABSTRACT Enzymes catalyze selective small-molecule transformations with activity and selectivity that is seldom matched by non-biological catalysts. Metalloenzymes, such as...
Structure and function of staphylococcal surface proteins involved in biofilm growth and virulence
A major focus of our laboratory is to broadly understand the molecular mechanisms by which cell wall- anchored (CWA) proteins on the surface of Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. au...
Cell Biology of Mammalian Nuclei
Project Summary/Abstract I have a long-standing interest in chromosome biology, and in recent years this has expanded to cover multiple aspects of mammalian nuclear cell biology. W...
Deciphering protein ubiquitination with chemical biology tools
Ubiquitination as a reversible post-translational modification is essential to a broad range of cellular processes in humans. In addition to its function in proteasome-mediated pro...
Molecular mechanisms of chromatin signaling and epigenetic regulation
PROJECT SUMMARY DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are key epigenetic regulators of chromatin accessibility, interaction, and function. Changes in...
Harnessing divergent reactivities of unusual reactive intermediates as platforms to explore high Fsp3 amine chemical space
Project Summary/Abstract: Efficient access to molecules of importance to human health has long driven the development of innovative synthetic methods. In recent years, greater emph...
Biochemistry of membrane proteins involved in lipid and cannabinoid metabolism
PROJECT SUMMARY The long-term goals of the Das lab are to identify the fundamental biochemical mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism and lipid-like xenobiotics such as cannabinoid...
Glycemic control and frailty risk in older people at risk for type 2 diabetes: Impact of local heat therapy
Project Summary/Abstract Frailty-related medical expenses cost approximately $18 billion annually in the USA. Progressive losses in skeletal muscle (SKM) mass and function, often o...
Structural-Functional Mechanisms Controlling Actin Filament Barbed and Pointed End Dynamics
Project Summary Actin, which exists in filamentous (F-actin) and monomeric (G-actin) forms, is the most abundant protein in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and a key player in co...
Plasma membrane stress response
Project Summary The plasma membrane experiences many cellular and environmental changes in form of increasing or decreasing membrane tension. Events such as cytokinesis, cell diffe...
3D Printed Soft and Stretchable Tissue-Like Bioadhesive Electronic Device Enabled Neuromodulation for Resistant Hypertension Therapy
Project Summary The objective of this proposal is to develop a soft and stretchable tissue-like bioadhesive electronic device for the treatment of resistant hypertension. Hypertens...
The Role of Corticolimbic Circuits in Maternal Behavior
PROJECT ABSTRACT/SUMMARY The transition to motherhood brings dramatic changes in physiology and brain function. This includes changes to neural circuits regulating maternal care, t...
Objective Integrated Multimodal Electrophysiological Index for the Quantification of Visceral Pain
Project Summary/Abstract Visceral pain is the cardinal complaint of patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), an affliction of approximately 20% of the U.S. population. Drugs t...
Highly Sensitive Novel Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) Technology to Quantify Multiple Metals in Human Bone In Vivo
Abstract Metals play a critical role in our health. However, the study of the association between metal exposure/intake and human health has been hampered by a lack of technology t...
Mechanisms of maternal obesity and feto-placental development in preeclampsia
Project Summary: Maternal obesity with increased circulating inflammatory markers can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia (PE). The clinical signs of PE includ...
Therapeutic role of NFAT1 Transcription Factor in Osteoarthritis
Project Title: Therapeutic Role of NFAT1 Transcription Factor in Osteoarthritis Project Summary Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease in middle-aged and older pop...
Leveraging New Approaches to Unravel ABO Blood Group Immunity and Incompatibility
Summary: ABO(H) blood group antigens and corresponding anti-ABO(H) alloantibodies were discovered over a century ago as the first polymorphisms in the human population and continue...