Anticipating ambiguity in the search for life in exoplanet reflectance spectra: an experimental approach

This project focuses on preparing for the analysis of next-generation reflectance spectra from exoplanets, aiming to differentiate between signs of extraterrestrial life and abiotic processes.

The research seeks to answer key questions: How can we avoid false positive detections of life caused by abiotic factors? Can we detect evidence of past water activity, such as hydrated minerals, to assess a planet's habitability? And if life exists, what is the minimum detectable biomass?

Using advanced spectroscopy techniques, the project will simulate exoplanet surface spectra by combining data from minerals and microbes with models of planetary atmospheres and clouds.

The methodology involves analysing biotic and abiotic spectral fingerprints, integrating these results with atmospheric models, and degrading the data to reflect the quality of future space missions, such as the Habitable World Observatory.

This approach will help guide astrobiologists in interpreting data from upcoming exoplanet missions, reducing ambiguity in the search for life.