CAREER: Cross-layer Optimization for DNA Storage to Improve Scalability, Reliability and Performance

Global digital data is increasing immensely, reaching 291 zettabytes by 2030, as most human activities today are captured digitally. However, the longevity of digital storage media is limited, typically not exceeding 15-years, which poses a significant challenge for preserving valuable data. Given these challenges, synthetic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) emerges as a promising alternative due to its high density and longevity, making it an ideal medium for archival storage.

With the development of biotechnologies over recent decades, DNA storage has transitioned from theoretical to practical. To fully utilize the advantages of DNA storage, this project will develop new algorithms and systems through cross-layer optimization by leveraging DNA storage properties, architecture design, and storage system design. The following innovations will be pursued: 1) Designing novel DNA storage algorithms for bio-domain optimization to enhance scalability; 2) Creating a novel DNA storage architecture to increase reliability and performance; and 3) Developing system management solutions for DNA storage based on traditional storage technologies.

These efforts will collectively advance the scalability, reliability, and performance of DNA storage.

This research aims to advance DNA storage systems, preserving human activities through centuries-long DNA storage, and deepening our understanding of the trade-offs and efficiencies necessary for scaling up DNA storage. Developing new DNA storage platforms through algorithmic and systems innovations will make the goal of preserving the world’s digital data one step closer.

This project will offer a rich interdisciplinary platform for teaching and learning, equipping computer science students, both graduate and undergraduate, with critical skills in system building and experimentation, which are essential for the modern and future information technology workforce. Research findings from this project will be integrated into the curriculum, enriching both specialized projects and core courses in computer science and engineering, which will provide students with expertise in emerging technologies while fostering a deep understanding of comprehensive system design principles, preparing them to excel in both current and future technological landscapes.

This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.