Exploring Regulatory T Cells' Impact on Endothelial Dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using a Vasculature-on-a-Chip Model

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) disrupts endothelial cell function, leading to complications in placental development and posing long-term risks of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases post-pregnancy.

Traditional animal models fall short due to ethical and physiological limitations, prompting the development of more human-relevant in vitro systems. This project aims to create a vasculature-on-a-chip model that mimics endothelial dysfunction in GDM.

By utilizing placental and decidua explants from GDM-affected and healthy pregnancies, the model will simulate the interactions between endothelial cells and immune system components, including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and macrophages. These interactions will be studied under conditions of oxidative stress and inflammation typical of GDM.

The innovative platform will provide insights into the mechanisms driving endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, particularly the role of Tregs in maintaining vascular health.

Ultimately, this research could guide the development of targeted therapies to mitigate the adverse effects of GDM, improving outcomes for both mother and child.