A Suite of Studies Exploring the Impact of Vision Care on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in Low and Middle-Income Countries

The following will extend our previous successful trials on impact of vision care on children's education and adult productivity: - CLEVER (Cognitive Level Enhancement through Vision Exams and Refraction): The first randomized trial to assess impact of eye care delivery (near and distance spectacles) on reducing rates of cognitive decline with aging, enrolling 874 participants >= 60-years in Hyderabad, India. - Piloting and delivery of STABLE (Slashing Two-wheeled Accidents By Leveraging Eyecare): The first randomized trial on the impact of vision care (distance spectacles) on traffic safety in a lower-middle income country (Vietnam), involving 875 young myopic motorcycle users. - Piloting and delivery of THRIFT (Transforming Households with Refraction and Innovative Financial Technology): A randomized trial on the impact of free reading glasses to support use of smartphone banking apps in Bangladesh among 400 elderly recipients of government Old Age Allowance payments. - ZEAL (Zimbabwe Eyecare And Learning) formative research on hyperopia and educational outcomes in Zimbabwe: .

This work involving 2000 school-aged children in order to prepare for an eventual randomized trial will assess a novel, low cost vision test we have designed to screen for hyperopia, while examining the impact of uncorrected hyperopia on children’s current reading levels.