Cellular and molecular dynamics of antigen-specific T cells in HIV-treated children, pregnant women, and human cancer affecting immune function, development and health

HIV-infection has a severe impact on the cellular immune system that are linked to increased rates of several diseases and cancer. A key element in this process is a dysfunctional immune system unable to successfully clear viral infections or cancer.

This process is known as immune exhaustion and has previously been linked by us and others to the co-expression of several inhibitory receptors.

In HIV-positive adults, we have shown that patterns of immune exhaustion persist despite antiretroviral treatment (ART). HIV-infected children receiving ART are affected by a number of HIV-inflicted issues to a greater extent than adults.

Given the young age and considerations for future immune development, studies are urgently needed to reveal the underlying mechanisms.

Likewise, in HIV-infected pregnant woman reported adverse effects despite ART are worrying and includes neural-tube defects, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth and low birthweight.

It remains to identify if HIV-infected children, pregnant women, and individuals with cancer receiving ART is associated with specific patterns of immune exhaustion affecting its functional potential and development early in life.

The goal of the study is to guide future treatment recommendations for these groups with implications for immunopathogenesis and clinical outcome.

The research group contains immunological, infectious disease, microbiology, obstetric, pediatric, and pathological skills with major national and international networks.