Rapid Test for Nasal IgG in Neonatal Calves

This project is to develop an innovative diagnostic tool designed to measure immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration directly from calf nasal swabs. This project aims to revolutionise current practices by providing a non-invasive, rapid, cost-effective and reliable method for assessing passive transfer of immunity in new-born calves on site.

In bovines, passive transfer of immunity occurs when a calf ingests colostrum, the antibody-rich first milk produced by the cow after giving birth. Adequate IgG absorption from colostrum is crucial for the calf's immune system development and overall health. Failure of passive transfer (FPT) can lead to increased susceptibility to infections, higher morbidity and mortality rates, and significant economic losses in the dairy and beef industries.

Traditionally, IgG levels are measured using serum, blood, or plasma samples, which can be stressful for the animals and require trained personnel for sample collection and processing. Our lateral flow test addresses these challenges by utilising a simple nasal swab, making it more accessible and less invasive. This advancement will enable farmers and veterinarians to monitor IgG levels more efficiently and take timely action to ensure calves receive the necessary immunity.

Why is this necessary?

• Animal Welfare: Minimising stress and discomfort associated with blood sampling promotes better animal welfare. Our non-invasive approach makes it easier to conduct multiple tests without causing distress to the calves.

• Early Detection: Early identification of FPT allows for immediate intervention, such as supplemental feeding of colostrum or IgG-rich supplements, significantly improving calf survival rates and health outcomes.

• Operational Efficiency: The ease of use and rapid results provided by our test enable on-farm diagnostics without the need for specialised equipment or extensive training. This empowers farmers and veterinarians to make informed decisions quickly.

• Economic Impact: By reducing calf mortality and improving health, our test helps lower veterinary costs and enhances overall herd productivity. Healthy calves grow into healthier, more productive adult cattle, benefiting the entire supply chain from farm to market.

The proposed test represents a significant leap forward in livestock management practices. By ensuring the success of passive transfer in a more humane and efficient manner, this project promises to support the agricultural industry's commitment to both animal welfare and economic sustainability.